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Murray Valley encephalitis virus
Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) is a zoonotic flavivirus endemic to northern Australia and Papua New Guinea. It is the causal agent of Murray Valley encephalitis (previously known as Australian encephalitis) and in humans can cause permanent neurological disease or death. MVEV is related to Kunjin virus which has a similar ecology but a lower morbidity rate. Although the arbovirus is endemic to Northern Australia, it has occasionally spread to the southern states during times of heavy rainfall during the summer monsoon season via seasonal flooding of the Murray-Darling river system. These outbreaks can be "...decades apart, with no or very few cases identified in between".
==Vector==
MVEV is a mosquito-borne virus that is maintained in a bird-mosquito-bird cycle. Water birds from the order Ciconiiformes, including herons and cormorants, provide the natural reservoir for MVEV. The major mosquito vector is ''Culex annulirostris''. Human infection occurs only through bites from infected mosquitoes; the virus cannot be transmitted from person to person.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection - Fact Sheet ) 〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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